172 THE CLASS STRUGGLE THE FUTURE OF THE RUSSIAN REVOLUTION 173 Some socialists say it was an error on the part of the Bolsheviki deliberately to pursue a policy which alienated the Allies from Russia. It was wrong, they say, deliberately to pursue a policy which alienated from the Soviets not on...

174 THE CLASS STRUGGLE THE FUTURE OF THE RUSSIAN REVOLUTION 175 cohesive power of the autocratic forces was eliminated from the social structure of Russia. This very thing would likely happen in any other country in which the fetish of government authority would be destroyed in one way or another...

THE CLASS STRUGGLE THE FUTURE OF THE RUSSIAN REVOLUTION 177 176 socialists never will be able to wipe off their face the brandmark of deliberate traitorship toward Russia. Even the independent socialists, although we fully realize the limits of their possibility of action, cannot be fully release...

178 THE CLASS STRUGGLE THE FUTURE OF THE RUSSIAN REVOLUTION 179 hit the hide of the people themselves. It must be conclusively proven, that the victorious war was an illusion only. revolution needs a material impetus. It might be said that the sense of justice of human beings is easier awakened b...

180 THE CLASS STRUGGLE THE FUTURE OF THE RUSSIAN REVOLUTION 181 The German Socialists are to blame for their attitude toward the Russian revolution. But the allied Socialists cannot escape blame either. Responsible officials of the International labor movement as Huysmans, Vandervelde, Branting, ...

182 THE CLASS STRUGGLE THE FUTURE OF THE RUSSIAN REVOLUTION 183 Russia between the two contending imperialistic camps, and thus on their part do their share in subduing the power of the Russian labor movement.
Let me then say, here and now, that the German imperialists never will control Russia. ...

184 THE CLASS STRUGGLE THE FUTURE OF THE RUSSIAN REVOLUTION 185 in other form. Any military forces sent into Russia to do the dirty work of German imperialism, cannot be kept immune from the virus of Russian Socialist propaganda and influence. The work done during one year of the revolution canno...

186 THE TRAGEDY 187 Hardly four months have passed since those lines were written and our worst fears have already been fulfilled, making what may have then seemed to many unwarrantedly gloomy forebodings, a rather mild and reserved statement of an appalling situation. In these four months Russia...

188 THE CLASS STRUGGLE THE TRAGEDY 189 Russian Revolution. But they ought to know that their hopes of national independence are intimately bound up with the Russian Revolution that the only way in which they can secure their independence is by their standing by Russia and not by their separating ...

190 THE CLASS STRUGGLE THE TRAGEDY 191 need no instruction. Unlike the Scheidemanns in Germany and out of Germany, Trotzky could never bring himself to believe that the German ruling class could ever be reformed. Trotzky went to Brest Litovsk in the hope that his extraordinary step, and inevitabl...

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192 THE CLASS STRUGGLE 193 Self Determination of Nations and Self Defense land into German slavery. They may be forced to stand by and see them carried off into slavery by force majore. But they cannot sign a deed selling them into slavery.
But here something quite unexpected happened. Somethin...

194 THE CLASS STRUGGLE SELF DETERMINATION OF NATIONS 195 And was not the Bonaparte army released, and the support of the Prussian army against the Paris Commune assured by the famous contract between Jules Favre, Thiers and Co. and Bismark? This historical evidence led Karl Marx, 45 years ago, to...

196 THE CLASS STRUGGLE SELF DETERMINATION OF NATIONS 197 In the present imperialistic milieu there can be no wars of national self defense. Every socialist policy that depends upon this determining historic milieu, that is willing to fix its policies in the world whirlpool from the point of view ...

198 THE CLASS STRUGGLE SELF DETERMINATION OF NATIONS 199 determine the socialist position of the world war as a historic Occurrence. its causes, was purely imperialistic, cannot fail to see after a dispassionate view of its effects that war, under the present conditions, automatically and inevita...

201 SELF DETERMINATION OF NATIONS 200 THE CLASS STRUGGLE nionarchy were not voted by the Social Democracy. For the use of the war credits did not in the least depend upon the Social Democracy. They, as a minority, stood against a compact threequarter majority of the capitalistic Reichstag. The So...

202 THE CLASS STRUGGLE SELF DETERMINATION OF NATIONS 203 provises new weapons, enriches the arsenal of the people with weapons unknown and unheard of by the parties and its leaders.
What the Social Democracy as the advance guard of the class conscious proletariat should have been able to give was...

204 GERMANY, THE LIBERATOR 205 Germany, the Liberator By LUDWIG LOR How quickly the human mind forgets! For should we otherwise have believed the peace protestations of the German Government and the assurances of German government socialists. Should we otherwise have allowed them so completely to...

206 THE CLASS STRUGGLE GERMANY, THE LIBERATOR 207 But what were the Germans to liberate? How numerous is the German population in the Baltic Provinces? These provinces, Courland, Livonia and Esthonia, cover an area of 90, 000 square kilometres and, according to the census of 1897, have a populati...

208 THE CLASS STRUGGLE GERMANY, THE LIBERATOR 209 vient tools of the Russian aristocracy. The large landholders, moreover, are a powerful political factor. They hold a number of medieval political privileges and are the sole rulers in the provincial Diets. The Baltic nobility is on a level with i...

211 GERMANY, THE LIBERATOR 210 THE CLASS STRUGGLE contrary emanating from German press agents is based upon lies and falsifications. The entire Lettish people was as one in its opposition against a German war of liberation. The Committee on Foreign Relations of the Lettish Social Democracy, in 19...

212 THE CLASS STRUGGLE 213 and is demanded by the Socialists of every other national group of Russia, is and must be the aim of the Lettish, Polish, Lithuanian and Esthonian Socialists.
It is the fate of every great world empire, that it carries in its body the germs that will cause its own destr...

214 THE CLASS STRUGGLE THE STATE IN RUSSIA 215 masses would show their readiness to die with ecstacy under this red rag, for Constantinople and the Straits.
But the imperialistic cloven hoof of Milyukov was sticking out too plainly. In order to win over the awakened masses and guide their revolut...

216 THE CLASS STRUGGLE THE STATE IN RUSSIA 217 geois in the presence of the sanctity of state power, which was perfectly transparent in the case of the populists (laborites. was veiled, in the case of the menshevik patriots, by doctrinaire notions as to the inadmissibility of having socialists as...

218 THE CLASS STRUGGLE THE STATE IN RUSSIA 219 clusions of a profoundly revolutionary character. The only thing their structure lacks is the driving force of a revolutionary policy. The government, for the most part capitalistic, could not possibly give birth to a system that was diametrically op...

220 THE CLASS STRUGGLE THE STATE IN RUSSIA 221 victory, as Mr. Tereshchenko Department was of leading the nation to peace.
This picture of the impotence of the Provisional Government reaches its climax in the labors of the Ministry for Foreign Affairs, which, to use the words of the most loyal So...