474 THE CLASS STRUGGLE RECONSTRUCTION IN RUSSIA 475 new application under the present statute; neither shall the publications of summons provided for in paragraphs and be required if publication was made under the former statute.
IV.
UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE Ordinance issued by the Council of People Commissaires, concerning Unemployment Insurance. The jurisdiction of this ordinance extends over all the territory of the Russian Republic and over all persons without distinction of sex, age, faith, nationality or race, working for pay in any branch of industry, such as: factories and shops, mines, transportation, small trade, construction, commerce, agriculture, forestry, fishery, domestic industry, private service, liberal professions, etc.
All persons working for pay are subject to insurance in case of unemployment, without regard to the character or length of their employment, or to the nature of the employer, whether a government, private, or social institution or a private individual. To persons occupying the highest positions in enterprises (such as managers, administrators, engineers, jurists, etc. as well as to persons practising the liberal professions, this ordinance shall not apply if their regular earnings are more than thrice the average worker pay in the given locality, as determined by the local or provincial Soviets of Trade Organizations, Unemployment in the sense of the present ordinance is understood to mean the condition of any person capable of performing work, whose chief source of sustenance is work for pay, and who cannot find work at the rate of compensation fixed by the Trade Organization concerned, and who is registered with the Labor Exchanges or Trade Organizations.
Special Note. Persons deprived of gainful occupation because of lockouts, shall be considered unemployed. The following persons shall not be considered unemployed in the sense of this ordinance: a) Those deprived of work but not losing their earnings; b) those deprived of earnings because of strikes, during the duration of the strike.
Special Note. Strikes brought forth by a lowering of the rate of compensation or a lengthening of the working day do not deprive the persons insured of the right to receive assistance from the unemployment funds. The amount, and the duration of unemployment shall be determined by the Unemployment Funds and audited by the local Labor Exchanges and Trade Organizations. The means for assuring to the insured their insurance allotments shall be raised from payments by the employers. These payments shall be made by the employers to the Unemployment Funds and shall together constitute a single AllRussian Unemployment Fund. The All Russian Unemployment Fund shall be housed, safeguarded, and disbursed in accordance with rules drawn up by the Insurance Soviet. The size of the payments made by employers to the Unemployment Fund shall be determined in a fixed percentage of the total payroll, and shall be fixed at a uniform figure for all Russia, not less than three per cent. according to data presented by the All Russian Soviet of Trade Organizations.
The minimum contributions to be made by employers for seasonal workers shall be five per cent. of the total pay.
Special Note. After the introduction of a uniform progressive tax on capital, income, and inheritance, it will be incumbent upon the government to pay a portion of the contributions of the enterpreneurs for the insurance of the unemployed, out of this tax.
10. On the decision of the Fund Committee, instead of calculating the amount of the payment on the basis of a percentage of the earnings of each single member, payments in bulk may be inaugurated.
11. The payments shall be made to the Funds by the employers at weekly intervals, on pay day. Sums not paid at the time indicated shall be collected from the employers by order of the Commissaire of Labor, in accordance with rules drawn up for the collection of undisputed government demands (see Laws, Vol. XVI, Pt. 2, Ordin.
Collection Undisputed, ed. of 1910, in addition to which there shall be collected from the employer a fine, for the benefit of the Unemployment Fund, amounting to ten per cent. a month on the sum remaining unpaid during that period, fractional parts of a month being regarded as full months.
12. Obligations of Employers to the Unemployment Fund: a) To report within three days the name of every person entering