TUESDAY, APRIL 25, 1939 SOCIALIST APPEAL By Dwight MacdonaldHow Stalin, While Seeking Hitler as Ally, Used SPARKS IN THE NEWS Gestapo Disinformation to Frame Tukhachevsky That where the Money Goes They say the United States is a great democracy because our industries are owned by millions of small stockholders, because the American Standard of Living is higher than anywhere else in the world. But the Bureau of Internal Revenue reports that in 1933 only 1, 750, 000 of the 120. 000. 000 citizens of this land had incomes high enough to be laxed. And even among these topmost 750, 000. there was a striking concentration of wealth. Thus of those filing income tax returns in the highly prosperous year 1929. a tiny group of 28 got over 83 of all dividends paid out to individual stockholders. Or, to put it slightly differently. of the population received 78 of all dividends paid that year, What does this tight little oligarchy do with the lion share of our national income it receives? recent issue of Town and Country, an expensive smart set journal, gives us the answers, as compiled from questionnaire sent out to several hundred butlers in New York City. Practically all their employers.
replied the butlers, have both town and country houses, the former averaging 18 rooms.
the latter 22 rooms. One family of five had a 44 loom house, with 40 servants, or eight to each member of the family. In the winter,. family entertained an average of 138 guests a month, and in the gay summer season, this rose to 181 guests a month. To keep host and guests happy took an average of 2, 400 bottles of various beverages per family in the course of a year, including 242 bottles of Scotch whisky and 115 bottles of champagne.
When it all became too utterly boring, the family went off to Bermuda, to the Riviera, to the South Seas an average of two and onehalf trips per year, each ti time with seven trunks. Town and Country failed to point out butlers it queried could only raise the 78 of the national dividends they now get to a reasonable figure say 90 they could increase their consumption of whisky to 300 or 400 bottles a year and could afford to take four or five trips per year, with, say, ten trunks instead of a measly seven. The New Deal tax experts are now working on the problem.
Add: Walter Duranty friend sends in a quotation from Martha Dodd Through Embassy Eyes which to some extent confirms the hypothesis advanced last week as to Mr. Duranty whereabouts only the room is in Moscow, not the Bronx. Con sidering the ardent Stalinist sympathies of Miss Dodd, her testimony is rather damaging. When the Moscow trials were beginning.
she writes. one rather venomous journalist said that Walter never appeared at the ses.
sions, that he sat at home and wrote his news from what he knew would happen and from the information he might have gotten from Passport Trial Avoids Pressing Link ON THE WAY TO 1937 the work areng rated to THE TRENCHES MEN AND WOMEN OF LABOR OUT OF THE PAST other sources, while the others sweated every day and far into the night to report the courtroom drama. faced Walter with these (Continued from Page 1) ski subordinate in the foreign Now in April, 1937, with the charges, and he admitted them to some decome to terms with the Ger service, had achieved such suc arrival of Kandelaki in MosRree. He said that he attended sessions regu man dictatorship against Brit cess in aiding Kandelakt that cow. Stalin was confident that larly but that he did not spend every minute ish and French democracy he was taken to report directly the deal with Hitler was as of the day when they were going on in the and was doing so even while to Stalin over the head of his good as consummated. At the courtroom. He knew all the people involved pressureront Border chocollabo superandelaki had succeeded meg negotiations with her site most of them personally and over a long period of time, he knew their past records, ration with the Anglo French where the other Soviet envoys was liquidating his old comand he knew the charges against them IL capitalists and in this country had failed. He had initiated rades as German spies. He now was ridiculous for him to be as attentive as with the Roosevelt administra negotiations with the Nazi lead knew that he had no immediate the rest of the correspondents.
tion.
ors and had even had a private attack to fear from Germany.
Writing of the preparations audience with Hitler himself. The road was clear for the Footnote to Fortune for the framing and murdering the full nature of the Kan purge of the Red Army.
In the February, 1938, issue of Fortune there of the Red Army Generals, delaki mission was known only The Army Generals, headed was a long and laudatory story on Celotex Krivitsky says: to half a dozen men. Stalin con by Tukhachevsky. were murCorporation, which makes roofing, wallboard. In the growing tension of sidered it a triumph of his per dered without trial by Stalid, insulating materials, etc. It was a very fine.
Mr. and Mrs. Donald impending catastrophe a bomb. sonal diplomacy, for he alone according to Krivitsky, because up and coming enterprise indeed, one gath Robinson Rubens as they shell burst. It was in the form had now for many years con of their criticisms of the offiered, and it was run by a couple of supermen appeared on their passport of most secret news from Ger trolled the Soviet ship of state. cial Kremlin domestic and fornamed Bror Dahlberg and Wallace Groves.
many, conveyed to me by Only a few of his closest lteu eign policies which; they bephotos. Did Garber forge Both of them. burbled Fortune, are men these photos? This is one of Sloutski, who had returned to tenants were on the inside of lieved. were undermining the with large ideas. and both like to take the questions at issue in the his Ogpu headquarters in Mos: these negotiations. The Com morale of the fighting forces chances. There was, it is true, a very deli trial now in session in New cow. This news was that an missariat of Foreign Affairs, and, in general, weakening the cate hint in passing that superman Groves is York.
agreement between Stalin and the Council of People Com country in face of the war dana source of suspicion and concern to the SeHitler had been brought home missars that is, the Soviet Cab ger.
curities Exchange Commission. But the by Kandelaki. Stalin confi inet and the Central Exeeu. Used White Officers general impression was that two such splendid specimens of American business manhood as dential emissary in Berlin. tive Committee, headed by Krivitsky reveals that the David Kandelaki, a native of President Kalinin, had no part Generals were framed up deMessrs. Groves and Dahlberg had not been the Caucasus and a country in the Stalin Kandelaki scheme. liberately by Stalin and the Ogdiscovered since Fortune last corporation man of Stalin, was officially In April, 1937 article.
the Soviet trade envoy to Ger It was, of course, no secret nished by Hitler Gestapo to pu on falsified evidence furThis may well be true. But a few weeks many. Actually, he was Stalin in the inner Soviet circles that an organization in Paris of forafter Fortune article appeared, its hero, personal ambassador to the Stalin had long striven for an mer Czarist White Guard millWallace Groves, was indicted in Federal court Nazi Government.
understanding with Hitler. Altary men, which was headed by on fifteen counts of conspiracy and mail fraud.
Kandelaki Mission most three years had passed General Skobline, who worked If the case goes against him, as it seems Kandelaki, accompanied by since the night of the blood in this organization and with (Continued from Page 1) Rubens were connected with Rudolf, the pseudonym of the purge in Germany which had the Gestapo under the directence of seventy two years. Apparently, he hush hush policy pursued by nown Stalinists. That they secret Berlin representative of convinced Stalin, even while ittion and with the full knowltook one chance too many.
a Fortune misstep is understandable. Wal imestoninsver since the Rubens and had the active assistance from beinhandlu 16. Aprivee peaksime curring that the Nazi edge of the Berlinand both were regime was deal with Hitler, lace Groves, ase first. Wash whisked straight to the Krem and that it was best to no fly by night confidence man. He is one of thgton, which expects to make vealed by the Socialist Appeal lin for a conference with Stal. come to terms with a powerful Kandelaki, did not quite come ry to so auspiciously negotiated by the big shots in Wall Street. Organizer to use of Russia in dealing with over a year ago.
Stalinist Links in. Now Rudolf, who was Slout opponent.
gether with the eminently respectable Walter Japan in the coming war, is al.
off as expected. Krivitsky Mack, Jr. of the 700, 000 Phoenix Securi 50 not averse to using the In obtaining passports in the continues.
ties Corp. which controls such nationally u. to destroy the revolutionary name of Robinson in the mid It is true that on July 21, known enterprises as Celotex Loft Candy movement in this country. It year of 1936, the couple used Stores, and United Cigar. Whelan Stores Corp nas consequently acted at ev the address of the Drama Trav.
a significant bulletin from If such demigods as these turn out to have ery juncture to keep in the el League of 12 West 46 Street.
Berchtesgaden, Germany. That feet of clay, where will Fortune turn for clear in its relations with Mos Miss Isabel Walsh, a worker in afternoon Hitler had received material?
cow by covering up the its office, identified a picture of the new Soviet Ambassador, hand in the Rubens case. the missing Ruth Norma RobConstantin Yurenev, at his Right Out of the Horse Mouth By keeping on the gag con, inson as that of a nervous womountain lodge in Obersalz As president of the American Federation cerning the well known and man who came into the office Colonel Charles Lind. units of which 27 are new berg. a rare distinction to be of Teachers for the past three years. can say iemonstrable Stalinist connec looking for Helen Ravitch. It bergh, who has been living in cruisers, destroyers and sub conferred upon any foreign amwith mumpleteo nitrourance tharuthe chasersme sions of all the defendants in has already been established England for some time has marines is the largest force to bassador. The exchange of Davis, in a recent New Republic. This explicit prosecution is leaving the way ber of the Stalinist Internation the War Department. since 1932.
it created wide speculation in statement by President Davis, whose long clear for the later on to al Workers Order and is the Lindbergh, who is a member of European chancelleries. Hitler struggle against Stalinism is well known. stage one of its typical frame wife of Dr. Solon Bernstein, the Air Corps Reserve, will be Great Britain now has in the had emphasized the need for should set at rest those malicious rumors we ups on American soil by hang onetime personal physician to ássigned to make a survey of Mediterranean four battleships, normal relations between Gerhave been hearing lately about the teacher ing the Trotskyist label on the Chairman of the American the aviation research facilities many and the Soviet Union.
Rubens and his accomplices Communist Party, William of this country and to report to one aircraft carrier, six cruis and for non intervention in Trotskyist Bukharinist Gestapo elements with arging that the who Foster.
Major Gen. rnold, chief ers, thirty nine destroyers, sev the interests of the two counin the organization.
hing was a Trotskyist plot Furthermore, passport appli of the Air Corps.
en submarines, one escort vestries.
against Stalin.
cations in the names of Donald Former Failures sel, six motor torpedo boats, Three months later Yurenev Louis Robinson and Adolph Ar Twenty five German rials in Moscow in 1936 38, the names of Mary Smied. Ruth month of training maneuvers er, one coastal minelayer and arrested. Once more the relaIn the three great treason nold Rubens and those in the ships left on April 18 for one ten minesweepers, one net lay was recalled to Moscow and stalin frame up machine failed Marie Rubens and Ruth Norma of Spain and Portugal, near six depot repair and supply strained. But Stalin still lived miserably in trying to smear Robinson were put into the pro the Strait of Gibraltar which is ships. The bulk of Britain in high hopes of signing an its real Trotskyist opponents as cess of certification by Aaron now patrolled by French and force is around Malta, which is agreement with the Nazi respies and wreckers. In the last Sharfin, who is or was a mem British ships. The German near the toe of Italy. Fami. gime. At the New Year retrial, the Bukharin trial in ber of the Communist Party fleet move may have some les of naval officers stationed eption given by Hitler in his April, 1938, there was distinct and was formerly assigned to connection with a reported plan in Malta were advised by the new palatial chancellery in By EMANUEL GARRETT evidence of merintention to de: the New York District, Section by Hitlers to unite Portugal with Admiralty office to leave for January, 1939, he singled out. the newest Soviet ambassador, Japanese angle in which Rub in was active in the Stalinist Merekalov, for a particularly Why the Board of Trade words ans, caveohane. Psovocate de plasebinerelewas a Bomplexead Councils latement number of British troops Germany, which this week cordial chat, a demonstration Road near Clarement have been moved back from appointed one of its ace diplo which set Europe buzzing once did not leave town, except as his revolution hitch in the proceedings and Parkway and for a while slept Palestine to Egypt to counter: mats, Von Papen, as Ambas. more with reports of an imary work, to which he henceforth devoted all his angle was squelched. This in the council headquarters.
act the Italian concentration of sador to Turkey, is going to pending Russo German allihis time, demanded. Workers looked up to attempt may be made again forces in Libya open commercial airline to ance.
him union men were all for him. Parsons now, with the help of the Unit Max Schwartz, another of the had become a popular orator, a leading so ed States government in the tion process, has been revealed ment decree announcing the of. powers are trying desperately way. has had two attempts Turkey after ten years of ne.
links in the passport certifica Simultaneous with a govern: cotiations. The democratic story of Krivitsky who, by the As may be seen from the Unlike his German comrades, Parsons was small fry involved in the pass as a Stalinist who, under the fieial annexation of the Sprat: to woo Turkey over to their made against his life by Ogpu an aggressive leader of the hour movement. port ring uncovered by the ar name Wershow. was active in Ly Islands in the Pacific which own war alliance.
In 1879, example, he accepted the post as rest of Rubens in Moscow agents since he broke with the secretary of the Hour League of Chicago. From the very first an and who, as a star subscription session, the Japanese govern Kremlin butcher, Stalin, far Discouraged with the results of the ballot nouncement by the Moscow Salesman for the magazine ment made known its annexa.
The Senate approved on from showing reluotance about box Soviet Russia Today, had his tion of a group of reefs and 68, 000, 000 over a period of bent every effort in trying to April 19 the expenditure of an agreement with Hitler, has against political action. In 1881 he joined with in Washington that the arrested picture reproduced in that peri islands in the south China Sea found the American section of the anarchist ists. the Socialist Appeal has at the trial session on Thurs: importance of the acquisitions priation is only the first step in not yet been consummated!
300 miles long. The strategic air base facilities. The approialize. assuming that it has International. He was also present in 1883 at penly warned against another day, April 20. Harry Schwartz lles in the fact that the zone ocrevealed on his own initiative cupied is right in the heart of military bases.
the founding conference of the revived Inter frame up and has presented its a series designed to develop it will not be for lack of trying undenied to that his brother in law. Ossip the South China Sea, astride Ion Stalin part.
International began publication of Alarm in date, that at every point in Gather: had tried to conceal ship lanes to Singapore and 1884, Parsons was appointed editor. heir American operations, the the fact that he was commu next to British North Borneo, The year 1886 opened, the revolutionary nistic. On Wednesday. Gar French Indo China and the year it has been called. The hour move.
ber sister in law, Mrs. Harry Philippines. Japan has made it Hitchin Attacked ment was at its height. Workers were in mo Schwartz, identified the pass known that it will reject any tion, strikes frequent. In Chicago, the McCor By Hooligansporte picture of Adolph Arnold foreign protests just as it remick workers were on strike. On May 3, the police staged a brutal assault on the strikers. Special to the Socialist Appeal) was known to her simply as with the Spratly annexation.
The next day a mass meeting was called to WINNIPEG Cari Hichin, Mr. Richards. The name Rich protest. August Spies, a prominent anarchist. formerly prominent member ards was one of the various Britain has already perfected was scheduled to speak. Arrived at the place of the Communist Party of aliases employed by the imA Relief Case its plan for rationing out food Axel Wenner Grens of meeting (Haymarket Square. Spies saw Canada and now an active prisoned agent. Mrs to its population in the event Take Over few workers were assembled. Moving to a Schwartz testified that Rich Congress organizer in Western Canasmaller location, Spies opened the meeting da for the Socialist Workers Lacking speakers he asked a worker to find League, was badly beaten ards had a typewriter and a cards have been printed and Another Yacht Harbor Won Investigate desk in Garber Portrait Stu secretly stored away to be disParsons. Parsons came to the meeting, spoke. up by Stalinist hoodlums on dio. Obviously, this points to tributed as soon as the govern.
Mrs. Edmund Lynch has Out of work, penniless, his and a rain having begun to fall left the street April 16. This was the sec the fact that Garber forged ment imposes food control in at last found a buyer for ONE wife sick in bed suffering from to go to hall. One of the speakers contin ond beating Hichin had sufnumerous palatialan operation, his four children ued. The police arrived. bomb was thrown fered at the hands of Stal close supervision of the Soviet wartime. 1, 400 local commit of her Lees with whom shopkeepers homes, scattered practically crying for food, John Young.
by whom it was never discovered. One police inists in the past few Agent.
will have to register, will be all over the Western hemis 35 years old, of Brooklyn, went man was killed, some others wounded.
months. Hichin recognized The Lawyer Blatt in charge of retail food distri phere. The enormously rich out into the streets in desperaEight Are Accused Edward Blatt, a lawyer, the bution.
his latest assailant as Red Axel Wenner Grens have taken tion and held up a Borden ComRamsay, a well known the Nassau home off Mrs. pany milk wagon. He was unthird defendant. claimed to Parsons and seven others, including Spies, member of the Winnipeg friends and relatives after the were charged with the crime. With a warrant Stalinist The Atlantic squadron of the Lynch hands at a price re armed and obtained only 26. strong arm Robinson case broke into the United States, comprising sixty, ported to be fabulous.
Police tracked him down out for his arrest, Parsons went into hiding squad.
press that certain people had The house occupies an out within a couple of hours and But when the day of trial came, Parsons en On the day of the latest made a sucker out of him. fact that he arranged with his standing site on Hog Island, arrested him. He still had 23 tered the court and gave himself up so that attack. Hichin had spoken Blatt was made a sucker out brother in law. Isidore Schlan. which in spite of its unprepos of the money. after buying he might face trial with his comrades for from the floor at a meeting of quite willingly, according ser, to receive passports for sessing name, is one of the brandy for his sick wife and a the crime of being a revolutionist. The verdict of unemployed held in the to the prosecution evidence. Mary Smied, another of the beauty spots of the Bahamas few groceries to feed his hun of the jury was foregone. Five were sentenced hall. In his For it was Blatt who quite aliases for Ruth Marie Rubens in the Carribean Sea. gry children.
to death, three to imprisonment.
he cized the sacriticized knowingly obtained the court Why didn Attorney Blatt, in The last word in ultra mod. He was charged with grand Each of the eight made a final speech to botage of the local jobless order changing the name of a order to protect himself, go to lernism, it boasts everything larceny for the attempt to nick the court. The accused turned accusers. Par organization and suggested dead person. Arnold Rubene the State Department in the (from a series of tennis courts Borden Company profits and Christian sons, ill, spoke eight hours on two days. Open militant action by the job summer of 1937, when it was to an elaborate yacht landing dragged into court. When he ing with a short poem describing the lot of less to defeat an impending in which name a passport was announced in the Soviet press The house is about the only pleaded guilty, Kings County the worker he traced the development and worsening relief condi issued to the agent that the persons named Robin real approach at Nassau to the Judge William Dwyer senmeaning of capitalism, and the revolutionary tions.
Blatt also knowingly obtained a son were being sought by Sovi grandeur of Palm Beach of tenced him to serve two and a struggle against it. am an internationalist Hichin was followed from court order legally changing et police, and inform the gov. English architecture, it is half to five years in Sing Sing My patriotism covers more than the boundary the meeting by a couple of name of another dead per ernment authorities here of the unique in its tropical setting. Prison lines of a single state; the world is my counknown Stalinists. The as son, Marko Filipovitch, to Ger Dassport fraud before they left for it is furnished with price. But not even the judge had try, all mankind my countrymen.
soon followed.
ald Mark these shores, as they did in Oc less Old English furniture pur face enough to send John gigantic mass agitation that spread all During the assault his as It a peculiar kind of suck tober of that year?
over the world failed to secure the freedom of sailant told him that if he er who engages in such legal In the case of a passport is. Her visits ts. meninch during Young up the river to serve the inhuman sentence the law dethe eight. Staunch, defiant they faced their Hichin) did not get out of practices without first discov. sued to Ernest Weichen, which As new owners of the Lynch manded for his spending of end. preacher came in to give Parsons the Winnipeg within the week ering what it all about. Blatt, he sold for 25 to John Blank, residence and of The Southern the Borden Company take. He last rites. Parsons told him that Preachers he would be fixed once and a lawyer for 18 years, couldn alias Gulbis, alias Apsit, a fugi. Cross, Howard Hughes for suspended sentence because are all Pharisees. And don desire to for all.
possibly have been naive tive defendant at this trial, mer yacht, there no doubt the Young had taken the money have anything to do with them.
Hichin refused to take enough to accept clients with Weichen volunteered the infor. Wenner Grens. whose riches out of devotion to his sick wife Parsons was led to the scaffold. As the rope sallant as suggested by the out first establishing the nature mation that Blank was a mem are as those of Croesus, are the and four young children.
was placed around his neck he tried to speak court action against his as. of their business. The point is ber of the Latvian Unity Soci possessors of the grandest men of America, let the voice of the people police.
that Blatt knew perfectly well ety of the Stalinist Internation yacht and the grandest home vince Rellet Authorities that But Young still has to conbe heard. The hangman cut the rope.
what was afoot. Witness the lal Labor Defense.
in all Nassau.
he and his family need help.
one that even had he not been or so great a SOCIETY NOTES: ALBERT PARSONS (June 24, 1848 Hanged, Nov. 11, 1887)
When the eight Haymarket Martyrs came to trial, the labor hating press, judge and jury slobbered venomously about foreigners come to this country to destroy its good institutions. And true, seven of the eight had come to this country from abroad seeking a freedom they had been denied in their own countries. The eighth, however, was so American in ancestry that his accusers gagged with envy and frustration, The first Parsons landed in New England in 1632. Various members of the family fought in the American Revolution; one of them was with Washington at Valley Forge; a greatgrand uncle lost an arm at Bunker Hill.
Whether because or despite his heritage Parsons became. for his revolutionary beliefs, his name would still be revered by worker militants.
For Real Negro Emancipation Born and reared in the South, he joined the Confederate Army as a youth of thirteen. It seemed the right thing to do everybody was.
But by the time the Civil War had ended, his neighbors, the Army Generals, and above all the Ku Klux Klan hated him for his opposition to slavery. And hated him bitterly, because he not only advocated Negro emancipation as provided for in the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments to the Constitution, but really and whole heartedly stood for Negro equality.
In Texas, to which he had gone, partly to be under the protection of his brother. General Parsons, he stumped for execution of the re.
constructionist measures taken by the national government to destroy the economic power or the plantation lords, relics of a long past era, Parsons found work in Texas as a printer devil. Having learned the trade, he worked on different newspapers and even founded his own. the Waco Spectator. During the years 1870 1873 he held a series of minor government posts as chief deputy collector, etc. and visited many Texas cities on government business. On one of these he met, and later mar.
ried, a Spanish Indian girl (who it is said was also of part Negro extraction. Lucy Parsons became a colleague who joined in her husband work for human emancipation.
Parsons moved to Chicago in 1873. Here he immediately joined Typographical Union No. and shortly afterwards helped organize the first branch of the Knights of Labor in Chicago. Interested in economic problems, he read the literature of socialism, became an ardent socialist. joined the Social Democratic Party which merged with other groups to found the Workingmen Party in 1876.
Now it was that Parsons unconsciously became a labor agitator. The great Railroad Strike of 1877 had begun. Parsons one day in July addressed the strikers, explaining to them the program and purposes of his party to use the ballot for securing control of production. The press seethed with fury. The Times fired him. The chief of police advised him to get out of town: You ought to know better than to come up here from Texas and incite the working people to insurrection.
remarks, witz, to